二郎神故事叙事研究

【作者】 马丽蓉；

【导师】 李丽丹；

【作者基本信息】 天津师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 二郎神是中国民间信仰体系中一位历史悠久且影响深远的神灵。从文献记载来看,“二郎神”一词最早出现于唐代,出现最早的二郎神原型是秦蜀守李冰,有关他的记载可追溯至《史记》。千百年来“二郎神”一直在神话传说和广泛的区域性神灵信仰体系中扮演着重要角色,官方、宗教、文人、民间共同讲述、演绎着二郎神的故事,不断赋予其治水平患、趋吉避凶、斩妖除魔、祈求平安等神格,逐渐形成了“二郎神崇拜”的独特文化现象。本文以二郎神的叙事文本为研究对象,主要按照以下三部分展开:第一部分为文章的绪论部分,首先介绍“二郎神叙事研究”的课题来源和研究意义;其次对二郎神相关研究进行了整理和评述,目前学界关于二郎神的研究主要集中在原型的探索、二郎神的民间信仰和文学中二郎神形象的分析和演变三方面,而在民间文学领域和叙事学学科范围内学界少有涉及;最后提出研究思路以及在研究过程中运用的理论方法等。第二部分是主体,由四章构成:第一章梳理二郎神史述诗词、戏剧文学、明清小说和民间口传文学四种叙事文类形态,为后文的分析奠定基础。第二章借鉴普罗普关于魔法故事的角色划分,总结二郎神故事中的三种叙事角色:正面角色、反面角色、中间角色。分析这些角色的历史渊源、特征,探求这三类角色在二郎神故事中的功能与作用。第三章通过对叙事情节的分析,归纳出二郎神故事的四大叙事系统:治水平患的英雄故事、搜山除怪的武将故事、劈山救母的孝子故事、担山赶日的神话故事,四大故事系统共享两个重要的核心情节:变形与外力帮助。第四章分析二郎神的民间信仰叙事,归纳出该叙事的“信神得报”“怠神受惩”两大模式,解读二郎神信仰的文化意蕴。第三部分为结语,总结本研究的主要观点,尤其是二郎神故事的叙事特色,指出本论文研究不足之处和本选题未来可待拓展的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Erlang Shen is a deity with a long history and far-reaching influence in the Chinese folk belief system.According to documentary records,the term"Erlang Shen"first appeared in the Tang Dynasty,and the earliest prototype of Erlang Shen was Li Bing,the governor of Shu in the Qin Dynasty,whose record can be traced back to the Records of the Grand Historian.For thousands of years,"Erlang Shen"has been playing an important role in myths and legends and in the extensive regional belief system of deities.Officials,religions,literati,and folk people have jointly told and interpreted the story of Erlang Shen,and have continuously given him the divine character of curing horizontal problems,avoiding evils with good luck,eliminating evils and demons,and praying for peace,which gradually formed the"Cult of Erlang Shen"."Erlang Shen worship"is a unique cultural phenomenon.This paper takes the narrative text of Erlang Shen as the research object,and mainly develops according to the following three parts:The first part is the introductory part of the article,which firstly introduces the source and significance of the subject of"Erlangshen Narrative Research";secondly,it organizes and comments on the related research of Erlangshen,and the current research on Erlangshen is mainly concentrated on the exploration of the archetype,the folk beliefs of Erlangshen,and the analysis and evolution of Erlangshen’s image in the literature.The research on Erlangshen is mainly focused on the exploration of archetypes,the folk beliefs of Erlangshen and the analysis and evolution of the image of Erlangshen in literature,which are seldom dealt with in the field of folklore and the discipline of narratology.The second part is the main body of this paper,which consists of four chapters:the first chapter combs through the four narrative forms of Erlangshen’s historical poems,dramatic literature,Ming and Qing novels,and folk oral literature,laying the foundation for the analysis of the latter.The second chapter draws on Propp’s division of roles in magic stories to summarize the three types of narrative roles in Erlangshen’s stories:positive roles,negative roles,and intermediate roles.Analyzing the historical origins and characteristics of these roles,it explores the functions and roles of these three types of roles in the Erlangshen story.Chapter 3 summarizes the four major narrative systems of the Erlangshen story by analyzing the narrative plots:the heroic story of curing the leveling problem,the story of the military general who searches the mountain to get rid of the monster,the story of the filial son who splits the mountain to save his mother,and the mythological story of carrying the mountain to catch up with the sun,and the four major story systems share two important core plots:metamorphosis and external help.Chapter 4 analyzes the folk belief narrative of Erlangshen,summarizes the two major patterns of the narrative,namely,"faith in the god is rewarded"and"neglect of the god is punished",and deciphers the cultural implications of Erlangshen’s beliefs.The third part is the conclusion,which summarizes the main points of the study,especially the narrative characteristics of the story of Erlangshen,and points out the shortcomings of this thesis and the future research direction of this topic.更多还原