【摘要】 历史街区是一个融合社区生活与旅游体验的综合性公共空间。文章以呼和浩特大召历史文化街区为例，从游客和居民的感知出发，运用扎根理论、问卷调查、重要性-表现分析法分析了游客和居民两类群体对历史街区空间感知的差异。1）大召历史文化街区空间感知模型包括6个主维度与18个次维度。2）游客和居民在不同维度的历史街区感知上存在差异，其中，商业业态和环境设施维度感知差异最为显著。3）各感知要素在游客与居民中的期望和表现效果具有一定差异，产品满足需求度、商业特色性、服务体验和内部资源环境为游客感知的重点修补区要素；景观风貌的原真性、步行空间、卫生环境和基础设施是居民重点关注且当前表现较差的要素，这种差异本质上是旅游化进程中街区空间功能从生活场所向消费载体转型的体现。文章揭示了不同群体空间感知差异及其与实际需求之间的联系，拓宽了空间感知的研究视角，为历史街区的优化和提升提供了实践指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Historic districts, as comprehensive public spaces, showcase distinctive regional and temporal characteristics shaped by urban development. An integral part of cities, they often bear witness to historical evolution, social transformation, and cultural development while serving as vital carriers of people’s emotions and memories. These districts converge the diverse interests of perception groups with varying social backgrounds, resulting in perceiving subjects marked by an array of features and perception differences.Studying perception differences between residents and tourists is vital to the sustainable development of historic districts. This study analyzed the Dazhao historical and cultural district, a typical historic district in China. Employing grounded theory, it extracted perception elements and developed a perception model of the Dazhao historical and cultural district. Data were collected through web text quantification and questionnaires to evaluate tourist and resident perceptions. Using the importance-performance analysis(IPA) method, the study examined how different elements of the historic district performed and how tourists and residents perceived them. It was found that: 1) the model featured six primary dimensions and eighteen secondary dimensions. The primary dimensions comprised landscape features, historical culture,environmental facilities, business formats, activity experiences, and locational conditions. 2) Tourists and residents perceived the historic district differently across various dimensions, especially regarding business formats and environmental facilities. Tourists prioritized sensory stimulation and leisure experiences,whereas residents placed greater emphasis on spatial functionality and livability—a divergence rooted in distinct identities and needs. 3) Discrepancies in expectations for and perceived performance of perception elements were observed. For tourists, key improvement areas included product satisfaction,commercial features, service experience, and internal resources. For residents, the landscape authenticity,pedestrian spaces, sanitation, and infrastructure were their primary concerns, all of which require further enhancement. This divergence fundamentally reflected the functional transformation of the district from a “residential community” to a “consumption-oriented destination” during tourism development. This study addresses the limitation of existing research that overlooks the conflicts of interest among different groups by conducting an in-depth analysis linking the perception differences of tourists and residents to their actual needs, broadening the perspective of human-environment relationship research. At the same time, it provides empirical evidence and theoretical support for strengthening the management of historic districts, enhancing residents’ quality of life, and elevating tourist experience and satisfaction.更多还原