MBTI虚拟社区中的圈层互动与认同形成

【作者】 江茹佳；

【导师】 刘晓红；

【作者基本信息】 上海财经大学 ， 传播学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 MBTI作为一种性格测试结果,向内是个人获取自我信息的一种方式,向外可转化为社交中作为交互信息的个人名片,同时具有自我认知和社交互动功能的特点使其在互联网中迅速风靡。而在物以类聚,人以群分的同温层效应下,以MBTI为分类基准所形成的豆瓣小组社区中,同类人格类型的成员聚集使内外群体的界限更加分明,通过不断加深的话题讨论和组员互动在虚拟社区逐渐形成了认同,这一以MBTI虚拟社区为基础的认同形成与圈层互动则是本文所主要探讨的话题。本文以豆瓣MBTI相关小组为研究对象,运用参与式观察、问卷调查法和深度访谈等研究方法,深入MBTI虚拟社区了解其圈层化互动,从社会认同理论视角探析MBTI虚拟社区认同形成的过程,探究圈层与认同形成的相互关系。虽然MBTI在各大平台上得到了多元化发展,但是在豆瓣社区中却形成了圈层化的交流特点:在认同动因的驱使下,小组成员通过同类所属人格组内的话题互动,形成了围绕工具共享、社交共伴、获得共助、印象共证的成员意义共享模式,使“孤独”的个体在相对同质化的社区中,通过社会分类、比较与积极区分的过程,重新获得社会认同。圈层本身所具有的同质性、层级性、流动性也影响了小组成员对于自身和所属人格类型的认同。透过MBTI虚拟社区,所反映的是以MBTI为交流语言的群体背后,对于自我寻求的强烈愿望与群体理解的社交动因,MBTI为当代青年群体无处安放的身份焦虑提供了交流驿站与方法指南。然而在这一连接群体和自我探索为本意的MBTI语言背后,不仅在虚拟社区内部形成了高低阶的人格划分和群体间的鄙视链,更在现实的社会交往中加深了标签化的刻板印象与非使用该社交语言群体间的社交分化,使不同的群体产生了对抗的关系。一方面需要肯定MBTI为个体认同寻求提供了路径,另一方面也要认识到MBTI作为标签对自我的框定与群体印象的单一化划分。MBTI作为语言可以是自我认知和群体沟通的工具,而作为标签则难免产生固步自封的刻板印象。更多还原

【Abstract】 MBTI,as a kind of personality test result,inwardly is a way for individuals to obtain self-information,and outwardly can be transformed into a personal business card in social interaction,and its features of both self-knowledge and social interaction make it rapidly popular.In the Douban group community formed with MBTI as the classification benchmark,members of similar personality types gather to make the boundaries of internal and external groups more distinct,and identity is gradually formed in the virtual community through deepening topic discussions and group member interactions,and the identity formation and circle interaction based on the MBTI virtual community is the main topic discussed in this paper.This paper takes Douban MBTI-related groups as the research object,uses participatory observation,questionnaire survey method and in-depth interviews as research methods to understand the circle interaction in the MBTI virtual community,to analyze the process of identity formation in the MBTI virtual community from the perspective of social identity,and to explore the interrelationships between the circle and identity formation.Although MBTI has been diversified on all major platforms,it has formed a circled communication characteristic in the Douban community:driven by the motivation of identity,group members interact with each other through the topics in the personality group to which they belong,forming a meaning-sharing mode around tool sharing,social co-partnering,obtaining co-help,and impression co-documentation,so that the"lonely"individuals can have a better understanding of their identity in a relatively homogeneous community.This enables"lonely"individuals to regain social identity through the process of social categorization,comparison and positive differentiation in a relatively homogeneous community.The homogeneity,hierarchy,and mobility of the circle itself also affects the group members’identification with themselves and the personality types to which they belong.Through the MBTI virtual community,what is reflected is the strong desire for self-seeking and the social motivation for group understanding behind the group using MBTI as the language of communication,and MBTI provides a communication station and methodological guide for the identity anxiety of the contemporary youth group that has no place to rest.However,behind this MBTI language,which is intended to connect groups and self-exploration,it not only forms the personality division of high and low order and the contempt chain between groups within the virtual community,but also deepens the labeling stereotype and social differentiation between groups not using this social language in real social interaction,which creates antagonistic relationship between different groups.On the one hand,it is necessary to recognize that MBTI provides a path for individual identity seeking,and on the other hand,it is also necessary to recognize that MBTI as a label frames the self and divides the impression of the group in a homogeneous way.MBTI as a language can be a tool for self-recognition and communication with the group,while MBTI as a label inevitably produces stereotypes of the group that are stuck in their own ways.更多还原