【作者】 王艳丽；

【导师】 刘风华；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 现有的甲骨文分部方法一般有两种,一为按《说文》部首分部,二为按自然分类法分部,后者是目前的主流。本文以自然分类法为中心,对甲骨文部首系统的沿革状况进行研究。文章分为绪论、正文、结语三部分。绪论部分对选题意义、研究现状、研究对象及基本思路做了简要介绍。正文部分共有四个章节:第一章概述甲骨文分部的两种方法,分析了自然分类法理论的发展过程,然后介绍了采用自然分类法的岛邦男、姚孝遂、朱歧祥、沈建华、季旭昇、李宗焜、陈年福、徐丽群诸家部首系统基本情况。自然分类法理论由唐兰创立,但岛邦男在《殷墟卜辞综类》一书中首先采用自然分类法编次甲骨文,建立了164部的部首系统,之后的诸家部首系统多是建立在《综类》基础上的。姚孝遂《殷墟甲骨刻辞类纂》、朱歧祥《甲骨文词谱》、沈建华《甲骨文字形表》、季旭昇《甲骨文字根研究》、李宗焜《甲骨文字编》、陈年福《殷墟甲骨文字词表》、徐丽群《甲骨部首的整理与研究》分别将甲骨文分为149、162、145、150、148、163、248部。姚、朱、沈、季、李、陈诸家部首系统与岛邦男部首系统一脉相承,可称之为岛邦男系。徐丽群《甲骨部首的整理与研究》一文中的部首系统是在构件分析的基础上建立的,自成一系,与其他7家有很大差异,可称之为构件系。第二、三、四章分别对岛、姚、朱、沈、季、李、陈、徐8家部首系统的部首字、归部、部序进行了对比分析,得出以下结论:一、在部首字方面,《综类》部首字的设置是存在可商榷之处的;甲骨文部首系统存在不断新增合体部首和不成字部首的趋势。二、在归部方面,《综类》《类纂》存在很多不合理的归部现象;构件系的甲骨文字归部比岛邦男系更加精确、合理。三、在部首的排序方面,岛邦男系诸家部首系统都存在部首分类不明确、排序标准不一的问题。构件系明确将部首分为五大类,比其他7家更合理。四、在部内字的排序方面,由于甲骨文部首系统还处在发展阶段,诸家部首系统均缺乏较为统一、明确的排序标准,存在可改进的空间。结语部分对全文进行总结,分析现有甲骨文部首系统存在的问题,并指出改进方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two types of partial methods of oracle bone inscriptions(“Oracle”):one is to part radicals according to Shuo Wen Jie Zi《说文解字》,the other is to part radicals according to nature classification,the latter of which is the mainstream at present.Based on nature classification,this paper studies the evolution of Oracle radical systems.The paper is divided into three parts: introduction,body and conclusion.The introduction makes a brief introduction to the significance of the topic,the research status,the research object and the basic ideas.The body part includes four chapters:The first chapter summarizes the two methods of oracle bone inscriptions division,analyzes the development process of natural classification theory,and then introduces the basic situation of the branches of natural classification,including the radical systems of Shimakunio,Yao Xiaosui,Zhu Qixiang,Shen Jianhua,Ji Xusheng,Li Zongkun,Chen Nianfu and Xu Liqun.Natural classification theory was founded by Tang Lan,but Shimakunio first adopted the natural classification method to compile oracle bone inscriptions in his book Comprehensive Categories of Divination Inscriptions in Yin Dynasty Ruins《殷墟卜辞综类》,on which most of the subsequent radical systems are based and built up a radical system of 164 parts.Yao Xiaosui’s Compilation of Inscriptions on Oracle Bones in Yin Dynasty Ruins《殷墟甲骨刻辞类纂》,Zhu Qixiang’s Dictionaries of Oracle Bone Inscriptions《甲骨文词谱》,Shen Jianhua’s The Character Pattern Table of Oracle Bone Inscriptions《甲骨文字形表》,Ji Xusheng’s Research on the Radicals of Oracle Bone Inscriptions《甲骨文字根研究》,Li Zongkun’s A Compilation of Oracle Bone Inscriptions《甲骨文字编》,Chen Nianfu’s Word Lists of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Dynasty Ruins《殷墟甲骨文字词表》and Xu Liqun’s Sorting and Study of Radicals of Oracle Bone Inscriptions《甲骨部首的整理与研究》respectively divided oracle bone inscriptions into 149,162,145,150,148,163,and248 radicals.Yao,Zhu,Shen,Ji,Li,and Chen’s radical systems are in one line with Shimakunio’s radical system,and thereby they can be called as Shimakunio system.However,in Sorting and Study of Radicals of Oracle Bone Inscriptions,Xu Liqun’s radical system is built on the basis of component analysis and forms its own feature,so it is quite different from other seven systems.It can be called as component system.The second,third and fourth chapters respectively make a comparative analysis of the radical characters,the radical classification and the radical ranking of the eight radical systems of Dao,Yao,Zhu,Shen,Ji,Li,Chen and Xu,and draw the following conclusions:First,in terms of radical characters,the setting of Comprehensive Categories《综类》remains to be discussed,and there is a tendency to add new combined radicals and unformed radicals to Oracle radical system.Second,in terms of radical classification,there are many unreasonable categorizations of radicals in Comprehensive Categories《综类》and Compilation of Inscriptions《类纂》;component system’s Oracle radical classification is more accurate and reasonable than Shimakunio system.Third,in terms of the ranking of radicals,the classification of radicals is unclear and the ranking standards are different in Comprehensive Categories《综类》and the six radical systems affected by the former book.Xu Liqun clearly divided the radicals into five categories,which is more reasonable than the other seven systems.Fourth,in terms of the ranking of characters in radicals,since the Oracle radical system is still developing,all the radical systems lack a relatively unified and specific sorting standard,and there is room for improvement.The conclusion summarizes the whole paper by analyzing the problems in the existing Oracle radical systems,and pointing out the direction of improvement.更多还原