超深下套管及下套管工具的受力研究

【作者】 陈开宇；

【导师】 张晓东；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 动力工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国油气产业的发展,剩余资源中“边、低、难”资源的占比越来越大,这标志着油气田开发的难度将进一步加大,一些深井、超深井的开发已提前纳入计划。而超深井钻探过程中,下套管是其中一项危险性很高的工作。其主要风险源在于超深井套管串长度和重量大,对钻机的提升能力、下套管工具的可靠性以及套管自身的强度和刚度都提出了更高的要求,加之目前国内超深井下套管的成功案例并不多。因此更加准确地计算超深井下套时的受力情况,并对钻机、下套管工具、套管接箍等进行安全校核十分必要。本文主要从以下三个方面进行研究:(1)对目前国内外超深井下套管的技术现状进行调查和研究,主要介绍了超深井钻机、特殊扣型套管和下套管工具的使用现状及发展趋势。通过对下套管的力学分析和现场的数据整理比较,得出了下套管时的套管最大轴向力的计算方法,认为最大轴向力等于浮重加上冲击载荷,比原来只考虑套管的浮重更合适,并通过计算实例与井场所测得的数据进行对比,验证该方法的准确性。(2)对目前常用的国产ZJ70/4500型超深井钻机和ZJ90/6750型超深井钻机的各项参数进行介绍,分别从绞车的功率、大钩的钩载储备系数和下套管能力三个方面进行分析,特别是对其下套管的能力进行研究。研究计算了在不同钻井液密度下,不同尺寸、不同壁厚套管的理论下深,并形成一个可查阅的表格,对现场下套管作业具有一定的指导意义。(3)对目前国内超深井常用的下套管工具的使用现状进行了调研,分别列举了常用吊卡、吊环、气动套管卡盘、套管动力钳的型号及参数。然后利用有限元分析法分别对特殊扣套管螺纹、吊卡、吊环、气动卡盘建立有限元简化模型,采用与之相适应的单元类型划分网格,并进行加载求解。最后针对求解结果,分别确定了特殊扣套管螺纹、吊卡、吊环、气动套管卡盘使用的安全性,并给出了其现场使用的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of Chinese Petroleum Industry,there are more and more difficult and deep oil in the remaining resources.Therefore,the development of deep well and ultra-deep well has been incorporated into the plan ahead of schedule.In ultra-deep drilling process,one of the most dangerous jobs is the casing.The main risks include an increase in the capacity of the drill rig caused by the length and weight of the casing string in the ultra-deep well,and the higher reliability,strength and rigidity requirements for the casing.At present the domestic ultra-deep well casing are not many success stories.Therefore,it is necessary to accurately calculate the force of the ultra-deep underground casing,check the safety of drilling rig,casing appliance,casing coupling.This article outline is the following:(1)The first section investigates the current status of the casing technology in the ultra-deep underground casing.Then,the development trends of ultra-deep well drilling rig,special deduction type of casing and casing appliance are presented.The calculation method of the maximum axial force for casing is verified by comparing with field data.The results demonstrate that the maximum axial force is equal to the sum of buoyant weight and the impact load,which is more suitable than the original one considering the floating weight of the casing.(2)In section 2,the related parameters of the ZJ70/4500 and ZJ90/6750 type ultra-deep well drilling are introduced in detail,respectively.The power of the winch,the load reserve coefficient of the hook and the casing capacity are also analyzed.Moreover,the effect of drilling fluid densities,sizes and thicknesses of the casing on the theoretic depths have been discussed.(3)In the last section,the current status of under-casing tools commonly used in ultra-deep wells in China is investigated.The types and parameters of commonly used elevators,rings,pneumatic casing chucks and casing power tongs are listed respectively.Then the finite element method is utilized to establish the simplified finite element model of the special thread,elevator,rings and pneumatic chucks respectively,and the grids are partitioned by the corresponding unit types and loaded.Finally,according to the result of the solution,the safety of using special thread,elevator,rings and pneumatic casing chucks were respectively determined,and the recommendations for field usage were given.更多还原